The control of environmental mastitis pathogens, such as Klebsiella spp., is a daunting task. Klebsiella is an environmental organism commonly found in manure and organic bedding. Due to the nature of these bacteria, emphasis needs to be placed on prevention of infections, rather than on treatment.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a contagious mastitis pathogen that is extremely difficult to control by treatment alone. The spread of S. aureus can occur through milkers' hands, washcloths, teat cup liners, and flies. Successful control is gained only through prevention of new infections and culling of infected animals.